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- N. E. somsaw. Breach-Loading Ordnance.

Patented Feb 23,1875.

THE GRAPHIG C0.PHOTO.-LlTH-39&4l PARK PLAGLNA'. I

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NELS E. JOHNSEN, OF CHELSEA NAVAL HOSPITAL, NEAR BOSTON, MASS.

IMPROVEMENT IN BREECH=LOADING ORDNANCE.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 16),l0i, dated February23, 1375; application filed November 30, 1874.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, New E. J OHNSEN, ofChelsea Naval Hospital, near Boston, in the county of Suffolk and Stateof Massachusetts, have invented a new and useful Improvement inBreech-Loading Ordnance, of which the following is a specification:

The invention consists in certain improvements in breech-loadingordnance, which will be hereinafter fully described and claimed.

In the accompanying drawing, Figure l is a side view, showing the gunmounted on its carriage with the breech closed. Fig. 2 is a verticallongitudinal section of the gun, showin g the construction of thebreech. Fig. 3 represents the breech part of the gun in longitudinalsection, showing the breech-block raised ready for receiving the charge.Fig. 4 is a cross-section of Fig. 2, taken on the line 00 m. Fig. 5 is across-section of Fig. 3, taken on the line 3 3 Similar letters ofreference indicate corresponding parts.

A is the gun; B B, the truunions. O is the breech. D is the screw. D isthe breechblock, which is raised and closed down by operating the screwD. E is a joint-bar, which is hinged to a piece near the outer end ofthe screw, as seen at F, and to the breech-block, as seen at Gr. Thebreech-block is hinged to the breech of the gun, as seen at H. The screwworks through the extreme of breech as through a nut, and when it isturned back the breech-block is raised by virtue of the jointbar E. Thepiece E, to which the joint-bar is hinged, and through which the screwworks, is fastened by a small sleeve, and is carried back and forth withthe screw. I is the breechpiece, which is carried back and forth by thescrew on guides or ways J, as seen in Fig. 5. K is a piece on the end ofthe screw, which is connected with the breech-piece by a fork, L,

which allows the screw to turn and move the breech-piece back and forthon its ways. M

is a lip on the end of the breech-block, which closes down into thegroove in the piece K. (See Fig. 2.) N is a spring-plunger in thebreechblock, which is made adjustable by means of the lever O and nut p.This plunger is drawn back by the lever when the breechblock is closing,and engages with the hole Q, which prevents the block from being blownupward when the piece is discharged. R is the elevating-screw. S is anelastic tube connected with a force-pump or elevated reservoir, whichdischarges a stream of water into the chamber T. This chamber is open infront, and the water spreads itself over the gun in front of thechamber, and carries 0d the heat evolved and keeps the gun cool. U is anadjustable sight attached to the rear part of the gun. V is the sightproper, which is moved up and down by turning the screw W with one hand,while with the other hand the gunner handles the lanyard. Ordinarily itrequires both hands to adjust the sight. X represents the gun-carriage.

This gun may be loaded at the nozzle, if preferred; but ordinarily thebreech-block will be elevated to a perpendicular position, and thecharge inserted, the screw being drawn back, as seen in Fig. 3.

Having thus described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secureby Letters Patent 1. The joint-bar E, breech-block D, and screw D,combined substantially as described, for the purpose set forth.

2. The combination of the sliding breechplug I, screw D, swiveledtherein, the hinged breech-block D, and the jointed bar E, connectedwith the block and screw, as herein shown and described.

NELS E. JOHNSEN. Witnesses:

T. B. IVIOSHER, ALEX. F. ROBERTS.

